[56] By the time of its break-up in 1903 into various European colonies, the Sokoto Caliphate was one of the largest pre-colonial African states. ", "Mormon Church announces in missions in Vietnam and Africa", "Effect of the Bamako-Initiative drug revolving fund on availability and rational use of essential drugs in primary health care facilities in south-east Nigeria", centers for disease control and prevention, "CIA – The World Factbook Life Expectancy", "Turning Point In Polio Eradication In Nigeria", "Nigeria makes crucial progress in eradicating polio", "Finding a Match, and a Mission: Helping Blacks Survive Cancer", "Why Nigeria Was Able to Beat Ebola, but Not Boko Haram", "US sends experts to study Nigeria's anti-Ebola strategies", "US sends medical experts to study how Nigeria tamed Ebola", "BRAIN DRAIN: THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE (1)", "The Required Documents for Admission Screening | The Other Side", "Organized Crime: African Criminal Enterprises", "Cults of violence – How student fraternities turned into powerful and well-armed gangs", "Maritime Security: Current Threats and Implications", "The Nigerian "419" Advance Fee Scams: Prank or Peril? It was temporarily expelled from the latter in 1995 when ruled by the Abacha regime. The only breakdown available was by gender: males numbered 71,709,859, females numbered 68,293,008. The 2002 Miss World pageant was moved from Abuja to London in the wake of violent protests by Muslims in the Northern part of the country that left at least a hundred dead and more than 500 injured. [78] After the coup attempt, General Olusegun Obasanjo was appointed military head of state. In 2015, there was a federal ban. Protestant and locally cultivated Christianity are also widely practiced in Western areas, while Roman Catholicism is a more prominent Christian feature of South Eastern Nigeria. Nok: African Sculpture in Archaeological Context: p. 21. In 1976 all foreign banks were compelled to sell 60 percent of their shares to Nigerians. The inaugural coins of Nigeria's currency featured the bronze 1/2 and one coins and the cupro-nickel 5, 10, and 25 coins. These minorities mostly reside in major cities such as Lagos and Abuja, or in the Niger Delta as employees for the major oil companies. [103], Nigeria is a federal republic modelled after the United States,[104] with executive power exercised by the President. [92] Ethnic violence for control over the oil-producing Niger Delta region and an insurgency in the North-East are some of the issues facing the country. Nigeria's most expansive topographical region is that of the valleys of the Niger and Benue river valleys (which merge and form a Y-shape). Lagos is currently taking steps to become a global city. NigComSat-1, was the first Nigerian satellite built-in 2004, was Nigeria's third satellite and Africa's first communication satellite. Its last period of military rule ended in 1999 following the sudden death of former dictator Sani Abacha in 1998. He went on to win the elections, with the international media reporting the elections as having run smoothly with relatively little violence or voter fraud, in contrast to previous elections. First-year entry requirements into most universities in Nigeria include: Minimum of SSCE/GCE Ordinary Level Credits at a maximum of two sittings; Minimum cut-off marks in Joint Admission and Matriculation Board Entrance Examination (JAMB) of 180 and above out of a maximum of 400 marks are required. [269] Maternal mortality was at 814 per 100,000 live births in 2015. The 1/2 kobo coins were however not minted the following year. Unlike traditional currencies, bitcoins are … [155], Nigeria is the 12th largest producer of petroleum in the world and the 8th largest exporter, and has the 10th largest proven reserves. Nigeria gained independence from the United Kingdom on 1 October 1960, as the Federation of Nigeria, while retaining the British monarch, Elizabeth II, as nominal head of state and Queen of Nigeria. [105] There are three distinct systems of law in Nigeria: The Nigerian military is charged with protecting the Federal Republic of Nigeria, promoting Nigeria's global security interests, and supporting peacekeeping efforts, especially in West Africa. Nigeria's currency is made up of 100 kobo. Nigeria's Delta region, home of the large oil industry, experiences serious oil spills and other environmental problems, which has caused conflict. Many ex-slaves came to Nigeria following the emancipation of slaves in the Americas. The Supreme Vikings Confraternity, for example, boasts that twelve members of the Rivers State House of Assembly are cult members. It was coordinated by key officers of the Nigerian military and led to the overthrow of the Second Nigerian Republic and the installation of Major General Muhammadu Buhari as Head of State. Abuja is home to several parks and green areas. [251] These scams involve a complicit Nigerian bank (the laws being set up loosely to allow it) and a scammer who claims to have money he needs to obtain from that bank. [152], Major crops include beans, sesame, cashew nuts, cassava, cocoa beans, groundnuts, gum arabic, kolanut, maize (corn), melon, millet, palm kernels, palm oil, plantains, rice, rubber, sorghum, soybeans and yams. SUBSCRIBE for daily travel videos: http://bit.ly/2hyQnZ1 Tayo's Channel: https://bit.ly/2JFeJjh INSTAGRAM? [210] Kano State has sought to incorporate Sharia law into its constitution. Many French speakers from surrounding countries have influenced the English spoken in the border regions of Nigeria and some Nigerian citizens have become fluent enough in French to work in the surrounding countries. [121], Since 2000, Sino-Nigerian trade relations have risen exponentially. The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) weakened the official exchange rate for the second time on 7 July amid pressure from international lenders and investors to unify its multiple exchange rates. Different stress factors such as droughts, low soil nutrients and susceptibility to pests has contributed to Maize plantations being an integral part of agriculture in this region. History. More Nigerian Naira info > USD - US Dollar. [52][53] Benin's power lasted between the 15th and 19th centuries. [138] The initial entry of IAS into Nigeria was mainly through exotic plant introductions by the colonial rulers either for forest tree plantations or for ornamental purposes. After the 1970s oil boom, tertiary education was improved so it would reach every subregion of Nigeria. [158], Nigeria has a total of 159 oil fields and 1,481 wells in operation according to the Department of Petroleum Resources. [243], Education in Nigeria is overseen by the Ministry of Education. On 27 July 2007 Nigeria's President Umaru Yar'Adua urged the country to embrace nuclear power in order to meet its growing energy needs. To the southeast of the Benue are hills and mountains, which form the Mambilla Plateau, the highest plateau in Nigeria. Established in 2010, the event takes place over a 3- to 5-day period at selected high-quality outdoor venues. Some of the ethnic groups like the Ogoni, have experienced severe environmental degradation due to petroleum extraction. a previously counted 61% of the population living in poverty in 2012. 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